Nurses Shortage Definition Aspects and Solutions

Nurses Shortage Definition Aspects and Solutions Health care persists to face a momentous shortage of registered nurses. This is an old crisis and continues to be a threat to nursing career. There are plenty of studies done to find the reasons behind the nursing shortage. Moreover, it is a global problem. Nursing education, nursing retention unsafe work place, complex quality improvement and patient safety, low nurses income and complicated recruitment requirements. All these factors influence nurses shortage worldwide. The aim of this paper is to discuss and analyze global nurses shortage and highlight the causes and solutions with a recommendation to deal with nurses shortage in health care systems. Development of Nurses Shortage Sophen (1954) found that nurses shortage in the United States started 1932-1953 when the number of hospitals changed very little, but the number of beds increased 52% more and this increases nurses shortage due to the coverage need (Sophen, 1954). Thirty three years later, Aiken noted that the legislation and diminishing result on nurses salaries at a time when other professions salaries were increasing, influencing nurses to depart the career. (Aiken, 2007). During the 1990s, the nurses shortage was 11% of full time registered nurses, by 1992, the nurses shortage subsided and nurses supply was positive. In 1997, hospitals started to feel pressure of nurses vacancy rate 13%. But this time shortage has not moved away and stays a topic difficult to solve. (Rebekah, Kathreen 2009). WHO collected data of nurses, population ratios in WHO regions: The Americas, Europe, Eastern Mediterranean, Africa, South East Asia, and Western pacific. The data analysis shows that in Africa and South East Asia, the ratio declines, while the highest ratio was in Europe regions as it is almost ten times more than the lower regions. (WHO, 2006). A study conducted in the United States by Buerhaus and his colleges in 2007 and found that in 2020 the nation will be short of 76,000.00 nurses, as well as, he stated that, this nurses shortage may shut down most of the system and cause care to be rationed. (Buerhaus, 2008). The low supreme number of existing nurses in many countries is mixed by difficulties with their geographic distributions or complexities in recruiting and retaining nurses. This is a characteristic of both developed and developing countries. Definition of the Shortage of Nurses What is shortage of nursing? Shortage of nurses can be defined in two different means. First, professional standards when the number of nurses is not enough to provide high quality of care. However, administrators fail to determine the quantity of nurses needed to provide the high quality of care. (Goldfarbetat, 2008). Second, in economic terms, nurses shortage presents when there are not enough number of nurses to provide the best quality standards and no fund to supply to open additional positions. Thus, definition of nurses shortage is difficult and complex. (Rebekah, Abrahamson, 2009). A diverse definition which is more practical with the reality discovered by Bachnan, defined the nursing shortage is not by nurses number but how the health system functions to facilitate nurses to use their skills effectively. (Buchan, 2008). Nursing Education and Shortage Raising demand of Baccalaureate and graduate prepared nurses conveys nurses shortage. The National Advisory Council on Nursing Education and Practice (NACEP) is proposing at least two-third of the nurses work force hold a baccalaureate or higher degrees in nursing by 2010. (NACEP, 2004). According to American Association of College of Nursing, professional nurses must be prepared at the baccalaureate level to ward convene developing health career requires. (AACN, 2005). Professional development refers to study obligation to continue definite skill levels and career lane. This ensures nurses skills and knowledge are update and applicable. (Lannon, 2007). Each nurse should take responsibility for personal, professional development. This will enhance quality of care and keep up technological and scientific changes that are occurring in health care sitting. However, the health care systems are not assisting nurses for education development and this keeps the nurses far from the essential profession development. (Copper, 2009). According to American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN, 2005), over 32,000.00 qualified candidates were rejected to baccalaureate and graduate program due to the lack of experienced faculty in 2004,which means shortage in nursing faculty. (Evans, 2009). The long terms solution is to increase the pool of baccalaureate nurses who can obtain the graduate education needed for various roles like faculty. (Aiken, 2008). On the other hand, nurses will persist seeking higher degree in nursing education, because of the exciting and financially rewarding pulse opportunities for management positions. (Curtin, 2008). As per a study done in the United States by Westphal, concluded that nurses leaders turnover causes nurses shortage in registered nurses at hospitals. So, it is advised to reduce turnover of nurse leaders. (Westphal, 2009). The Impact of Workplace in Nursing Shortage Nursing work is traumatic while other professional alternatives are accessible. However, it is challenging to fight for the choice of profession which is not successful to balance financially for this daily tension. (Kaestner, 2005). Shift work nature causes physical damage to nurses and impact nurses prolong existence in the profession. According to cooper (2003), Registered nurses experiencing the physical, cognitive and emotional challenges of growing older while the profession demands more. In addition, working night and evening shifts influence nurse performance and lifestyle which motivate many nurses to move into outside hospital sitting. (Rebekah Abrahamson 2009). As well as, the new technologies into nursing daily work add a pressure and increase nurses work load and reduce the time nurses have to spend with the patient and affected the ability to detect complications early. (Beurhaus, 2008). Furthermore, nurses felt additional stress due to the idea that if they commit an error, penalizing action might be taken against them. As known that the nurses are responsible for ensuring patient safety without adequate decision making authority or impartial income. (Rebekah Abrhamson, 2009). Quality Question In 1998, the health care quality and safety started to take place, leaders noticed the strong relationship between nursing and patient outcome and realized nurses shortage. Thus, the leaders recognize the need to solve nursing shortage and as are adequate size of nurses or they will see quality suffer and low patients services. (Buerhaus, 2008). As a result, linking quality of care with adequate stuff will move nurses from the cost category in the direction of believing advantage, which will lead to increase wages and progress practice environment (Elgie, 2007) Recruitment and Retention International recruitment require great attention, where an organization in one country recruits nurses from another country. This has been mounting characteristic of global nursing labor markets, as developed countries utilize factors to attract nurses in developing countries. (WHO, 2006). These factors comprise low income, poor career configuration; reduce chance for further, education in some countries threat of violence. The risk is that action might just dislodge the shortage to another country, which may have fewer resources to solve it. (Aike of Buchan 2008). Nurses are attracted to work and remain working because of the chances to expand professionally to gains self sufficiency, and share in decision making while being reasonably rewarded. (Buchan, 2000). Aspects linked to work environment are critical, as well as some evidence that a decentralized style of management, flexible employment opportunities, and access to ongoing professional development can improve both the retention of nursing stuff level patient care. (Aiken, 2008). UAE and Nursing Shortage 3% of the UAE nationals are nurses. Although this percentage is low to UAE hospitals needs, the UAE population are not motivated to study and work in nursing profession. (Khan, 2006). On the other hand, the cause being far of nursing profession, minimum nursing education institution as compared to other specialty and the concept of cultural values (Underwood, 2010). UAE ministry of health in the process to open new education institutions which will be available in all emirates, as well as, the new council of nursing which started examining nurses skills by licensure examination (Underwood, 2010). Conclusion There is particular or universal measure or description of nursing shortage, although, obvious evidence of insufficient nursing resources in several countries, along with, evidence of poor exploit of obtainable nursing resources in many more. Many countries should augment and support their work force development capacity crossways professions and regulations to recognize the skills responsibility needed to convene identified services requirement. Furthermore, this is partially about extended term alliance between education development, work place environment improvement, quality improved and funded demand. Moreover, improving routine matching of nurses staffing with work load and maintain balance between nurses work and personal life. Health systems need to work on effective skill mix through clearance of roles and better equilibrium of registered nurses, charge nurses, assistance nurses, physicians and health professionals, in order to solve nursing shortage problem.

Lincoln Electrics Case Study

Introduction ? Lincoln Electric is a leading manufacturer of welding products, welding equipment and electric motors ? Their management system is so successful that people refer to it with capital letters-the Lincoln Management System-and other business uses it to benchmark their own ? Lincoln uses diverse control approach ? The company’s system success is largely is due to the organizational culture based on openness and trust ? Because the management system worked so well, senior executives decided to extend Lincoln Electric overseas ?Things didn’t go quite as they planned and managers at international plants failed to meet their production and financial goals every year Question 1: Does Lincoln follow a hierarchical or decentralized approach to management? Hierarchical (centralization) – decision authority is located near the top of the organization Decentralization – decision authority is pushed downward to all levels Lincoln Electric follows a decentr alized approach to management ? The company uses an â€Å"open-door† policy Every employee has direct access to managers for open communication, discussion and give feedback ?They have an advisory board composed of people elected by their fellow workers who meet with senior management biweekly Question 2: What is the problem with transporting Lincoln’s control system to other national cultures? What suggestions would you make to Lincoln’s managers to make future international manufacturing plants more successful? Problems ? Differences in culture across the globe – The European labor culture was hostile to the piece-work and bonus control system – Therefore, the system wasn’t very effective in different countries with different work culturesSuggestions ? Increase sales and maintain monthly profit – Management should use salespeople because they highlight the costsavings and benefits of Lincoln Electric's products, and also draw in new customers via LE's name recognition and reputation for high quality. ? Optimize number of production workers to the work – Reduce future employment – Employ enough workers for the respective plants ? Give different types of benefits to overseas plants – Eliminate the piece-work and bonus control system – Give benefits in terms of transportation, medical insurance, life insurance and etc.Question 3: Should Lincoln borrow money and pay bonuses to avoid breaking trust with it’s U. S workers? Why or why not? ? After discussion, we found out that Lincoln should not borrow money and pay bonuses to avoid breaking trust ? The company is in a financial crisis. If they keep borrowing money, it might result in a large debt which will be harder to settle and may result in bankruptcy. ? The bonuses are not an obligation. Employee is still paid properly and they will never lose their job due to the no layoff policy executed by the company Conclusion

Rogerian Argument – Gun Control

1) What was the purpose of the essay? In your response, explore the deeper meaning of this question. The goal is not just to complete the assignment but instead to convey a message. What do you plan to accomplish with this essay? What do you hope the reader takes away from this argument? This essays purpose is to education people about gun regulations without favoring one side over the other. By using facts and not flat out saying what your stance is, I hope to persuade the reader to not listen to the media and make their own options.2) What did you learn from completing this assignment?  Did you experience a new understanding of the topic? Did you change your perspective after completing the research? The most interesting thing I found was gunfacts. info. That cites contained numerous facts about crime and how different actions used by Government played out. I always figured the UK would have a lower amount of gun violence with its strict regulations, but if fact it only made thin gs worse.3) What difficulties did you encounter during the research, writing, or editing phases of the assignment? I found it hard to remain neutral and not favor my true option.  While I’m sure it easy to figure out, I do see where the other side is coming from. I just don’t think they realize what their idea of â€Å"fixing† the problem would cause.4) What did you enjoy about this assignment? I’ve always enjoyed a good argument. While writing this paper I constantly went back and forth with my wife on what we thought should be implemented. We still disagree on magazine sizes.5) What made you decide to write about this particular topic? Is this a topic that you are discussing in another course? Is this a topic that concerns you in particular?  I know that the Government won’t take away my M-16 until my Military service is complete. I carry a concealed handgun anytime I go out. I could care less what happens to me, but if anyone try’s to hurt my wife they won’t like the outcome.6) Is there anything else you would like for me to know before reading your essay? Fact: Every day 550 rapes, 1,100 murders, and 5,200 other violent crimes are prevented just by showing a gun. In less than 0. 9% of these instances the gun ever actually fired. (Smith) Fact: Guns prevent an estimated 2. 5 million crimes a year or 6,849 every day.Often the gun is never fired and no blood (including the criminal’s) is shed. (Smith) I Would Gladly Pay You Tuesday for a Handgun Today Keeping guns out of the hands of people that wish to do harm to others, should be a goal of congress. This goal would be most effective if it was to be split into three category’s; Control of guns used for concealed carrying, control of guns used for home protection and keeping guns out of the hands of criminals. The last one is the most important, because most criminals don’t procure guns by using legal means.Gunfacts. info claims that peo ple with concealed carry permits are â€Å"5.7 times less likely to be arrested for violent offenses than the general public† (Smith) and â€Å"13. 5 times less likely to be arrested for non-violent offenses than the general public. † (Smith) So what does this tell us? Let’s look at what is required for most people to obtain a permit. In order to get a permit in South Carolina you have to attend a handgun safety class that teaches proper use and laws related to weapons. You must be 21 years old and the step that I think that should apply to anyone who what’s to own a weapon, submit finger prints for a background check.(Slider)It doesn’t seem like that would be too much to ask if you want to own something that could kill another person. So this tells me that perhaps to lower crimes with firearms, we need to educate people about firearms. This education would do the most good if it covered how to store firearms not only to prevent children from handl ing them, but to keep criminals from stealing them. Besides the illegal smuggling of firearms into the United States, criminal’s next popular means of obtaining weapons it through breaking into someone’s home.Properly securing your weapons in a manner that prevents unauthorized use would stop children from taking them into their school and criminals from walking off with them. Educating people on how to handle and clear a firearm would cut down on accidental deaths related to guns. You wouldn’t throw a teenager behind the wheel of a car without training. Before they can even drive they’re taught to look both ways before crossing the road. Why not take this concept with weapons?According to the Sporting Arms and Ammunition Manufacturers’ Institute the â€Å"overall accidental firearm deaths have  declined more than 70% from an average of 3,000 deaths annually in the 1920s and 1930s to 800 in 2002. † (SAAMI) Before we make new laws to combat gun violence, maybe we should look at the current laws and why there now working.Congressman Mike Pompeo said it best in his response to President Obama’s gun control proposal, â€Å"Is it too much to ask that our President enforce the laws we already have in place rather than try to take guns away from law-abiding citizens? † (Pompeo) Making new laws to supplement the ones we already have doesn’t seem like a productive way to solve a problem.Well, what if we ban guns completely? â€Å"Ironically, firearm use in crimes in the UK has doubled in the decade since handguns were banned. † (Smith) It seems getting rid of guns can’t even solve the problem. So why is it that we think limiting guns will? The biggest advocate for gun ownership is the National Rifle Association (NRA). This organization lobbies politicians to vote against laws that would limit the rights of gun owners. While at some times it may seem like they are doing the right thing, it is the belief of many that they are becoming too involved in legislation.The Business Insider states that †Because the NRA is simultaneously a lobbying firm, a campaign operation, a popular social club, a generous benefactor and an industry group, the group is a juggernaut of influence in Washington. † (Hickey) How can a group as powerful as the NRA be held responsible for where they spend their money and who it influences? The monopoly that the NRA has is hindering the ability to pass law that could curb gun violence. But they are also protecting the rights of citizen to own and carry firearms.It might be this all or nothing stance that the government needs to take on gun control. Just like parents have been saying for years, â€Å"if you can’t play nice, no one gets to use it. † There isn’t a simple fix to the problem at hand. No one answer can please all the groups involved. There are already too many guns in the population to ban them completely an d giving them away freely wouldn’t help either. Even if we educate everyone we still won’t be stop gang violence. Keeping guns out of the hands of criminals needs to start with getting rid of the need to commit crime.The random acts of violence like school shooting shouldn’t dictate the policy that restricts guns. Just like we don’t blame automobiles for drunk drivers, we need to focus on the criminals and not the tools they use. Hickey, Walter. â€Å"How The NRA Became The Most Powerful Special Interest In Washington. † Business Insider. Business Insider, 18 Dec. 2012. Web. 20 Jan. 2013. This article is filled with information on how the NRA became so powerful. I list their methods for financing and what it is involved in. The NRA is the wealthiest and most powerful interest group.  SAAMI.â€Å"Decades of Success In Reducing Firearms Accidents. † Sporting Arms and Ammunition Manufacturers' Institute, INC. N. p. , 2003. Web. 20 Jan. 2013. This is a simple pamphlet outlining how education has reduced accidental gun deaths. It conveys a lot of information quickly and using easy to read graphs. It takes credit for the decrease in death since the 1920’s. Slider, Gary, Steve Aikens, Eric F. Crist, and Jason Schafer. â€Å"Hand Gun Laws. † Handgunlaw. PC Solutions, Inc, 16 Jan. 2013. Web. 20 Jan. 2013. This is any handgun owner’s best resource.It has everything someone would need to know about the laws in every state and how they apply to gun owners. By simply clicking on your state you can see what other states honor your permit and clicking on other states will tell you their regulations if you want to travel there. Smith, Guy. â€Å"Gun Facts. † Gun Facts. N. p. , 10th Apr. 2012. Web. 20 Jan. 2013. This is an invaluable resource for anyone looking for statistics on guns. It covers other countries and spans over numerous years to provide comprehensive information. His approach of using myths a nd then outlining the facts about it is very enlightening.

Essay On Caffeine - 1241 Words

Caffeine By: Latasha Betsoi 7B †¢ What are the risks of mixing caffeine and alcohol? ‘’When alcohol is mixed with caffeine, the caffeine can mask the depressant effects of alcohol, making drinkers feel more alert than they would otherwise. While mixing caffeine and alcohol is increases your energy and it can mask the effects of alcohol.† Site: www.cdc.gov/alcohol and www.healthline.com †¢ What are the harmful and beneficial effects of caffeine? â€Å"Caffeine acts as a central nervous system stimulant. When it reaches your brain, the most noticeable effect is alertness. You’ll feel more awake and less tired, so it’s a common ingredient in medications to treat of manage drowsiness, headaches, and migraines. Too much caffeine can give†¦show more content†¦And caffeine may not be a good choice for people who are highly sensitive to its effects or who take certain medications.† Site:www.eatingwell.com †¢ Are energy drinks good for someone who has depression? Why? â€Å"Caffeinated drinks-such as coffee, tea, soda, and energy drinks-pep you up temporarily, but they may have a more insidious effect. They may worsen depression, insomnia, and anxiety. Several studies have looked at caffeine intakes and depression.† Site: www.mindbodygreen.com †¢ Are energy drinks good for someone who has ADD OR ADHD? Why? â€Å"Since it’s a stimulant drug, it mimics some of the effects of stronger stimulants used to treat ADHD, such as amphetamine medications. However, caffeine alone is less effective than prescriptive medications. Adults can use caffeine safely for their ADHD, but caffeine consumption can actually harm children and teens.† Site: www.cdc.gov and www.green health.com †¢ IS there a correlation between caffeine intakes and hyperactivity? â€Å"Since, it’s a stimulant drug; it mimics some of the effects of stronger stimulants used to treat ADHD, such as amphetamine medications. However, caffeine alone is less effective than prescriptive medications. Adults can use caffeine safely for their ADHD, but caffeine consumption can actually harm children and teens.† Site: www.healthline.com †¢ Should energy drinks be banned from schools? â€Å"It is recommended that freeShow MoreRelatedEssay On Caffeine1032 Words   |  5 Pages Have you ever drank a cola or any type of soda? Have you read or heard about the main ingredient including caffeine? Well caffeine is a bitter powder like substance thats very unhealthy and healthy in the same cause. Caffeine can lead to heart attacks but if taken in the right amount can help with long days at work. Caffeine is in items such as Coca-Cola, mountain dew, coffee etc. all sodas and caffeinated drinks can lead to serious heart failure, heart attacks, insomnia, mood drops and can evenRead MoreEssay On Caffeine921 Words   |  4 Pageswhat you’re doing to your body. Caffeine is this amazing thing that has been around forever. Even when we did not use it, it was used by plants as a defense mechanism. To fight the battle against insects, plants developed the caffeine that we all love and cherish today. It was developed on the Arabic Peninsula around 1000 AD into coffee. And then evolved into what we know today. But other than its history, caffeine has different effects with everybody. Caffeine is also a neuro-stimulant, which meansRead MoreEssay On Caffeine1328 Words   |  6 Pages Today how many people drink caffeine daily and do not realize the harmful effects of doing so? Caffeine is found in many common drinks consumed by both adults and children on a daily basis. People are not concerned with the impact of caffeine on their bodies. Caffeine is addictive and the brain will become dependent on it to keep the mind awake. Caffeine keeps the body from falling asleep by blocking the adenosine receptors; adenosine is what makes the person sleepy. Caffeinated drinks are especiallyRead MoreEssay On Caffeine1454 Words   |  6 Pagesanxiety issues could make that problem for them worse. 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Typically, the majority of not only adults, but more recently a growing number of teenagers, rely on their daily dose of caffeine to get them through the day in hopes to not get a sense of fatigue. â€Å"Eighty three percent of adults can’t imagine life without their favorite cup of java.† (Healthy Living). The main question consumers ask themselves is whether or not the caffeine they areRead MoreEssay On Caffeine1436 Words   |  6 PagesCaffeine to the average con sumer is just an ingredient that keeps the consumer awake. This is a mental stimulant that blocks receptors in the brain, simulating that the consumer is not tired. Given that everyone is not informed about the many other things that caffeine does to one’s body, it is acceptable in society without question. Almost everyone on Earth has access to some form of caffeine—regardless of age. Caffeine is available in a variety of things like food, drinks, plants and even medicationsRead MoreEssay On Caffeine1104 Words   |  5 Pages caffeine prevention is possible. Mix decaffeinated coffee in with regular coffee and drink coffee with low fat milk. Brew tea for less time. It would be better to pick soft drinks without caffeine in them. Then, try to avoid sodas and energy drinks with caffeine added. Speak to a pharmacist or healthcare provider to find out if any of the nonprescription medications or herbal products that one takes include caffeine. Then, try not to change the way he or she takes medication without the adviceRead MoreCaffeine Essay867 Words   |  4 Pagesimprove your memory because of a drug called caffeine. Caffeine is contained in many different kinds of foods and drinks like coffee, chocolate and tea. It is a legal drug that consumed worldwide. Its function is to stimulate the central nervous system associated with brain function that affects mental performance especially alertness, attention and concentration. Theobromine is an active ingredient of chocolate that is found in cocoa. Theobromine and caffeine are related and have similar structures.